Seba Smith

Seba Smith (September 14, 1792 – July 28, 1868) was an American humorist and writer. He was married to Elizabeth Oakes Smith, also a writer, and he was the father of Appleton Oaksmith.

Biography

Born in Buckfield, Maine, Smith graduated from Bowdoin College in 1818 and then lived in Portland, Maine. He edited various papers, including the Eastern Argus, and founded the Portland Courier, which he edited from 1830 to 1837. Another paper he edited was The Rover, which published a story titled "My Boys and Girls", by Walt Whitman, in the April 20, 1844 issue.

He was one of the first writers to use American vernacular in humor, likely inspired by writer and critic John Neal. His series with the New England character Major Jack Downing was popular after its start in 1830.

His dry, satirical humor influenced other 19th century humorists, including Artemus Ward and Finley Peter Dunne. He is also credited as being a forerunner of other American humorists like Will Rogers.

Major Jack Downing

The fictional character Jack Downing was created in the late 1820s during the re-emergence of national political identities represented by the Democrats and the Whigs. Smith endowed his "most consequential literary creation" with a sharp satirical wit that lampooned national political figures, delivering "astute and humorous" social observations in a simple Yankee dialect of rural New England. Major Downing's exposures were largely non-partisan, and his "simple and blunt" commentaries were widely repeated by the most notable cultural and political figures of the day. Among these were senators Henry Clay, and Stephen A. Douglas, novelist Washington Irving, and President Abraham Lincoln. Smith penned his last Jack Downing letter in 1856 in the aftermath of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) and the rise of the anti-slavery Republican Party.